Which markets are IPOs related to?

Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) are specifically related to the primary market. This is where new securities are created and sold for the first time to investors. When a company goes public through an IPO, it is offering its shares directly to investors in order to raise capital for business expansion, debt reduction, or other corporate purposes. The funds raised from the IPO go directly into the company, supporting its operations or growth strategies.

The primary market is distinct from the secondary market, where previously issued securities are bought and sold among investors without involving the issuing company. Since an IPO deals exclusively with the creation and initial sale of new shares, it firmly falls within the realm of the primary market. The other market types mentioned, like third and fourth, are not standard classifications in financial markets and do not pertain to the process of IPOs.